Primary sources are firsthand accounts, eyewitness evidence, that documents something that occurs.
Types of records often considered primary sources:
Artifacts
Contemporary news articles
Correspondence
Diaries
Film/video of event
Government documents
Interviews
Meeting minutes
Memos
Personal narratives
Photographs
Research Data
When doing historical research, primary sources can give you a more personal view of the period or event you are researching. While secondary sources (sources created after the fact) can be useful for looking back at an event or time more critically through the lens of "what happened next," primary sources can tell you how the people at the time you are studying felt about the events happening around them.
In addition to Special Collections and University Archives, you can find primary sources in newspapers or databases that specialize in a given topic (i.e. Historical Statistics of the United States).
Looking for something more specific? Check out the History Research Guide for additional resources: